-;


 ϸ •ϖٷ ۷ ԕ B—ԓ;


" ۞ϕȖ, ̷ ٞȷ θ, ۛ Ԟ͜ ۞ϖȜ, ̷ ە ̜Ϸ (.. Λ ȷ
۞) , ȷ θ Ҝ ۞ϕȖ ̸Ϸ ҷ, ԕ ηϒ ͷ Ԟ Ҙ
Ԟ. ̸Ϸ ̷ Ԟ ȷ ۞ϕȖ , Ԟ ̷ ."
Douglas J. Futuyma [1]

Ԟ •ȗ Futuyma ٷӛ ͸ٷ ͷ ͷ͸ٷ ۞ϕȖ ۘ ̷ › ۷ ͷ ҷҘ
ȷ ͸ҷ ̘ , ̷ ٷԞ ȷ Д [2] - Ϸ ٸ ҷ ȷ ˜͸ٷ ҷ
ٷϸ ͷ •̷ͷٷ.


ە Ԟ ̷ ȷ ˜ ϷϷ ͷ Ȕ͸ҷ › Ԕ̷͸ ̸ (Ԟ ͷԛ ̷ "ȷ
˷ ̷ԕ Ԟ ̷ ٷ ٷ ГϷٷ ͷ ˷"), o Ϸ̸ ͸ V. Flusser [3] ͷ " Ԟ
ͷԛԞ: ͷԛ, ٸ ȗٸ." ٸ ȷ — ȓ ηϒ̸Ϸ ғ ͷ ϕ, η
̔—̘, ̷ ”ҷȘ җ Ԟ ›Ԟ ̸Ԟ Ԕ̷, ԕ, –ʸ ̷ ۛϷ, Μ
ԕ Ԟ. ϖ̷ ' ٸ, ғȷ Ԟ ۞Ϸ ͖ٷ ͷ˜ Җ (.. ғȷ ٷٷ ϸٷ). ғ
, ȕ, ̷ ȗٸ Ԕ̷͸ ۛϷ, ԕ ٷ ȷ ͷٷ ȷԛ ٷ ͷٷ ԕ Ԟ
(Ԟ "ԕ" ٷ ͸ Д, ٸ Ҙ ž Ԟ ·).
ٸ, ̷ ғ ϕԛ ̷ ̷Θԛ Ҙ ٸ Ԗٷ Ξ͸ Ԟ - ȓ Ϙ Ԟ ϖٷ, җٷ
ȷͷ ̸ ٷٸ Ԟ Ҹ. Ԟ ̷ ҷԗ ԛ, җٷ ȷ Ԟ ԛ Ȕȸ
ԛ ۞Ϸ - [. ۞Ϸٷ, . ۞Ϸٷ Ԟ ϕԛ ̷ ٷԞ ғȷ Ȓ, , ȷ ДȓϷ, ̷ ғ Ԟ
ٷ Ԟ, ̜ ٷ ȗ ۞Ϸٷ ٷԞ ͷ ].


͸ٷ Ҙ ͷ Ȓ ٸ ̸ ٷۗϷϸ ғ Ԟ ԛ ԛ -ԛ ۗϷԛ ۞,
Ԟ Ҹ ۘϷٜٷ ғ ԓ Ԟ , ۔ ғ ȷ Ԟ Ҹ•Ԟ, Ԟ ȷ͜ ٷθԞ ۞Ϸ,
ԕ ȷ Ϸٷ ̷ Ԟ ˷.
. , ٸ җٷ ˜: "ٷ ٷ ғ ˜ԛٷ ΛϷ ̷, ٘ ԕ ̷ Ϸ ۞, ٷ
۸ ȷ. ۷ Ԗ Ԟ ̷ ȷ, ەȷ ̷ Ԗžԛ ٷ ȷ ͷٷޓ ̷ ٷ
ғ " [4] (̷ٷϸ). ەȷ ̷ Ԗžԛ ٷ ȷ ̷ Ԟ ۸Ԟ Ҙԕȷԛ ͷ.
̷ Ҹ, ϸ ˜ ȷ ̷ٷϸ. ٷϸ Ϙ ٷۗϷٷ ۥ ̷ ٛ Ȓԛ
ȷ ٷ ۘ ԒϷٷ - ԔΜ ۞̔” ԕԓ Ԟ ͷ.


Ԟ ̷ •Ϸԛ:
۸ ҷȸ Ԟ ۞̔ͷ ٷϸ ԔΜԞ Ԟ ͷ ̷ • Ҙٸٞ ғ
ғ "ӷ" ۘ ٷԕ Ԟ ȷ Ԗ
ԓ ͷ Ԟ ۜϷ Ҙ۷ Ȕԕ Ԟ ۜϷ, Ԟ ٷ ̷ Ԟ ̷ •Ȕٷ
̷ͷϸ.


ȷ Futuyma, ٷ ȷ ̷ Ϸ Ԟ ۗϷٷ ۞̔ϸ ٷӛ ̸Ș ۗ٘. ٸ, җ ̷ ,
ԓ Ԟ Ϸ: Ȕ ʜ, "ȷ ԗ Ԟ Ϸ ˞ җٷ • ͷ ГԞ ԞЗ ̷
ͷٷ". ' ٸ Ҹ, ϸ Ξ͸ٷ , ͷ ’ȸٷ • - ٸ ̷ ͷ Ϸ ȷ : ȷ ʜ,
Ԟ җ ۞ , Ԟ Җԓ ̷ ԙ ȷ Ȕž —, ȷ ȷͷ. ͸ •ԗ
җ ȓԞ Λ ԕ Ȕ — "ԗ" - ȷ ҷ ̷ ͷ ȸٷ, ȷ
"͘ Җ".


Ϙ җ ̷ ͸ , ٷ Д, Ԟ Ԗ - Ԟ ԛғ •ٷ ̔Ϙ Ԟ ۜϷ (ȷ Ȓٷ,
ȷٞ) - ۗ ۜϷ ̷Җ ԓ (̷ȷҖ DNA). ٸ ۞ϒ ȓ Ԟ ͷ— ғ ԞԞ ̷
η, ۷ ԕ ͷ ͷ— Ϸٷ ۞›ٷ - •ٷ, ȷ ̷ В — Ԟғ ʜ, in vitro
ғԛ ͷ — ԕ [, ȷ ДȓϷ, ԕ, . •ϸ ηٜ ].


O Vilem Flusser: "... , "ͷԛ" Ϸ ” ȷ ͷٷ Ԟ, •Ȕ ̷ Ҹԕ, Ϸ ۞ٷ. ȷ .. ȷ Д
– θԞ ( ДȓϷ Ԟ Russel) ̷ ͷԛȷ ȷ Д ۞, •Ȕ Ϸ ۞ٷ ҷ̘."
ȕ, Joe Davis ˷ ̷ Ԟ ԕȷ۔ޕ Д ... ٷ җ ԕ۔ޕ ϸ ٷӛ ԛ Ԟ
ͷԛ "" ͷ "ҷԛғϷ". "' ٸ Ҹ", Ȝ, "η ٷ Ԟԛȷ ͷ ٷ ԛٷ ˜ԛٷ ҷԞғϷٷ ' ԛ". "̷ ̸
ȷЖ ̷ ҷϷ͸ٷ ҷ Ԟ —ٸ Ԟ ž ҷ ҷ. Ϙ, ȷЖ ̷ ٷ͸."
Vilem Flusser ӷ: "ȷ ٷ ͞ ̷ ͸ ϕ ͸ ͷ ٷ ԓ ͕ϕԞ ۖٷ ҜϷٷ ̘ ̞
;" ٘ ˷ ȷ ٘ Θ ٘ ̜ ғ . η ٷ ғ ԛ ȜϷٷ ȷ, – ٷ
ϖ ٘ ҷ٘. ȷ ͕٘ ȸٷ. ϕԛ۷, Ϙ, ͷ ̷ ͷٷžԞ ̷ ғ
Ԟ ˷ ͸ٷ Ә ٷ ̔ȷ Ϸ, Ә ̷ٸ Ԟ, ͷ Е Ҹ, Ϸ Ԟ ; ' ޕ ۞— Ԟғԛ ۷
Ȓ η, ԕ ϕԛ ̷ "ͷٷԞ";
ȷȔȷ - ̷ Ԟ ̷Λٷ ҷ٘ - ' ž, ٷ η٘͸ ۞ԓϸ, "ԕ"
Ҹ Ԟ ̷ Λ җ Д ԕ ۞— ̷ ̘ ͸ . ҸϷ ٘ •ϒ˜ ̘ , ̷,
ȷ, ٸ θ. ȷ Ҝ Ҝ̷ —Ϸٷ (artifacts) ϕԛ ̷ ͷٷžԛ Ϸ ̘ԛ ۗ”ȷԛ Ϸ ȷ
ͷ—, ٷȷ ȷͷ.

[. 1] - •ϖ ͷ—͸ ̷ԓ͸ Ҹ. "GFP Bunny", Edwardo Kac 2000. Photos Courtesy Julia Friedman Gallery, Chicago


O Edwardo Kac Ԟ Ars Electronica 99 Ҝ ȷ ȷȔȷ , "ȷ ȷ ٷ
͜ —ٜ Ȕ ' ̷ ғϸ, ̷ Ԟғԛ ̷ ʘٷ ғ." ۞ϕ Ԟ ۞”Ԟ ̷Λ Ԟ Ԟͷ
ԛ۷ ҷ ̸ GFP-K9 ͛Ԟ, ԕ ˷ ۖ Ԟ۷ Aequorea Victoria. project ҷϷԕ
ғҷ ' ̷ ғȷ͸ Ԟ ͷ "GFP Bunny" Ԟ җ ȸ . "GFP Bunny" ̷ Ȕ, •, ̷ ʜ, ԕ
ҷ ۷ ȷ ȷͷ ȷ ȓ Ҝ , ȷ ͸ٷ - ͷ' Ԟ, ˷ , ’ϸ,
̷ ̷ "З" ʜ.
s
•Ԟ, Ϙ, ϸ ˜͸ٷ. ГԞ ̷— Ԟғ Ԟ ʜԞ ͷ—͸ ғ ۗϸ Ԟ Flusser, ٸ:
. җ ғ ٷ ҷ ' ԕȷ۔ޕ "۞ȷ", Ә ȸٷ
. ͕ Ȕȸ Ԟ ϸ ȓ Ԟ ˷ ۷ ҷ. ٸ ۞ϒ ȸ ȷ Ҙٸٞ — ȷ Ȕž
—ԓ, Ԟ ޓ ʜ, ̷ ٘ ҷ٘ ȷ.

, ȕ, ٘ Ԟ ٷ ȷȔȷ ʜ ԛٷ ͷȷ, җٷ ' ̷ Ϸͷ, Ԟ Ԟ
ͷ— Ԟ ͷ ٷٷ ҷ ͸, ̷Μ . ٘, ٷ ғȷ ʜ ȷԛ ԛ Ԟ ٷ.
(. 2) [5]

[. 2] - ȷ ȷȔȷ͜ ʜ Ԕ͸ Science, 7 Ԟ 2000.


˜ԕȜٷ ғϸ, ԔԛϷ ͸ ȷ ʘ ͷ˜ ۞Ȕԕԛ Ғ ȷ Ԕ ̷ Ғ͸ .
ͷ—͸ ( ۞ ДȓϷ ȷ ғȷ͜ ʜ) Ԕ ˷, ̷η , Ԟ ҷϷ͸ٷ "ҷҖ".
۸ ʜ, ۛ ȷ ̸ ۖ Ԟԛ › " ͷٷٸ".

ٷ; ۘ, ͸Ϸٷ , Ԟ ͷԛғ ٷ, ٸ ̷ җ ...


η
melanitis@hotmail.com

text in english


̷
[1] Douglas J. Futuyma, Evolutionary Biology, ͔, Sinauer Associates, Massachusetts, 1998, .743.
[2] Ԟ, " Д ̷ ȷ ȷ Д, ȷ ͷ Ȕԓ ۞Ҹ". Francesca Pasini,
. 210, ̷ ȷ, ͔. ҷ, 1990.
[3] Arti magazine, › 17, ̷ 1993.
[4] Mark Taylor, HIDING, Chicago Press,1997, . 107.
[5] Eric Alliez and Michel Feher, Reflections of a Soul, Fragments for the history of the human body, Zone Press.
[6] Ҙٸٞ ٷ ҷ pop; . . Ԟ, ̷ ȷ, ͔. ҷ, 1990. ͷ ȷ ȷ Ԟ Ҙٞ
̸ ғԞ, . , ̷ Ԟ ͷ җ, ͔. ԓȸ,